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Every paper checked for brief #4 of 12–19 Oct 2026 — nothing is hidden. Brief papers first.

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Which Geometry on Which Layer? Measured Sign-Spectral Assignment in Mixed-Optimizer Training
The authors provide a theoretical criterion to decide whether neural network layers should receive sign-based or spectral optimization updates during training.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on optimization theory rather than deployment safety, guardrails, or hallucination.
Which Geometry on Which Layer? Measured Sign-Spectral Assignment in Mixed-Optimizer Training
The authors provide a theoretical criterion to decide whether neural network layers should receive sign-based or spectral optimization updates during training.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Investigates optimization layer geometry rather than LLM benchmarks or evaluation methods.
Which Geometry on Which Layer? Measured Sign-Spectral Assignment in Mixed-Optimizer Training
The authors provide a theoretical criterion to decide whether neural network layers should receive sign-based or spectral optimization updates during training.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Studies general neural network optimizer geometry, not model efficiency or compression.
Calibrating LLM Explanations to Human Decisions with Reinforcement Learning
The authors introduce a reinforcement learning method that optimizes language model explanations specifically to improve human downstream decision accuracy.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Does not address model compression, quantization, distillation, or serving efficiency.
Calibrating LLM Explanations to Human Decisions with Reinforcement Learning
The authors introduce a reinforcement learning method that optimizes language model explanations specifically to improve human downstream decision accuracy.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on RL training for explanations rather than evaluation methods.
A Geometrical Approach to Constructing Neural Networks for Perfect Training-set Classification
The authors develop a geometric construction method to build two-hidden-layer neural networks that achieve exact classification on given training sets.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Discusses exact geometric hyperplane fitting for classification, not small LLM architectures or efficiency.
A Geometrical Approach to Constructing Neural Networks for Perfect Training-set Classification
The authors develop a geometric construction method to build two-hidden-layer neural networks that achieve exact classification on given training sets.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on geometric construction of toy classifiers, not LLM benchmarks or evaluation.
A Geometrical Approach to Constructing Neural Networks for Perfect Training-set Classification
The authors develop a geometric construction method to build two-hidden-layer neural networks that achieve exact classification on given training sets.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Presents a training-set overfitting method rather than deployment safety, robustness, or reliability.
Deeply unrolled alternating projections for phase retrieval
The authors propose a deep unrolling algorithm combining alternating projections with a learned denoiser for phase retrieval under changing measurement conditions.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Investigates inverse imaging algorithms rather than AI safety, guardrails, or alignment.
Deeply unrolled alternating projections for phase retrieval
The authors propose a deep unrolling algorithm combining alternating projections with a learned denoiser for phase retrieval under changing measurement conditions.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on signal reconstruction techniques, not small or efficient language models.
Deeply unrolled alternating projections for phase retrieval
The authors propose a deep unrolling algorithm combining alternating projections with a learned denoiser for phase retrieval under changing measurement conditions.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Covers inverse phase retrieval algorithms, not language model benchmarking.
Near-Optimal Regret Bounds for Monotone Stochastic Optimization under Semi-Bandit Feedback
The authors derive an online-to-offline reduction achieving near-optimal regret bounds for strongly monotone stochastic optimization under semi-bandit feedback.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Addresses theoretical multi-armed bandit optimization without relation to AI deployment safety.
Near-Optimal Regret Bounds for Monotone Stochastic Optimization under Semi-Bandit Feedback
The authors derive an online-to-offline reduction achieving near-optimal regret bounds for strongly monotone stochastic optimization under semi-bandit feedback.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Theoretical analysis of stochastic semi-bandits, not LLM evaluation or benchmarking.
Near-Optimal Regret Bounds for Monotone Stochastic Optimization under Semi-Bandit Feedback
The authors derive an online-to-offline reduction achieving near-optimal regret bounds for strongly monotone stochastic optimization under semi-bandit feedback.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on bandit regret bounds, not small models or efficient inference techniques.
GPU Goldmines: Tunable WebGPU Kernels for Edge LLM Inference
The authors present an autotuning framework for WebGPU kernels to improve cross-platform inference speeds for language models on edge devices.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Presents GPU kernel implementations rather than LLM benchmarks or evaluation methods.
GPU Goldmines: Tunable WebGPU Kernels for Edge LLM Inference
The authors present an autotuning framework for WebGPU kernels to improve cross-platform inference speeds for language models on edge devices.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on WebGPU execution performance rather than AI safety, red teaming, or alignment.
Accounting for model error in ensemble variational data assimilation through learned generative dynamics
The authors present an ensemble variational data assimilation algorithm that incorporates learned generative forecasting models to account for complex model errors.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on physical data assimilation error rather than AI safety or reliability guardrails.
Accounting for model error in ensemble variational data assimilation through learned generative dynamics
The authors present an ensemble variational data assimilation algorithm that incorporates learned generative forecasting models to account for complex model errors.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Deals with weather and climate forecast models, not small language models or efficiency.
Accounting for model error in ensemble variational data assimilation through learned generative dynamics
The authors present an ensemble variational data assimilation algorithm that incorporates learned generative forecasting models to account for complex model errors.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Covers geophysical data assimilation, not language model evaluation.
Monitoring for Shifts at Unknown Times: Parameter-Free Conditional Conformal Martingales
The authors introduce a parameter-free conformal martingale method modeled as a universal portfolio to quickly detect distribution shifts at unknown times.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Develops conformal martingales for distribution shift, not LLM benchmarks or evaluations.
Monitoring for Shifts at Unknown Times: Parameter-Free Conditional Conformal Martingales
The authors introduce a parameter-free conformal martingale method modeled as a universal portfolio to quickly detect distribution shifts at unknown times.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on sequential shift detection algorithms, not model compression or efficient serving.
HarnessTTT: Learn to Optimize Harness at Test-Time for Scientific Discovery
The authors propose a test-time learning method that trains a proposer to generate prompts, tools, and controls guiding scientific discovery agents.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on discovery performance optimization rather than safety guardrails, jailbreaks, or robustness.
HarnessTTT: Learn to Optimize Harness at Test-Time for Scientific Discovery
The authors propose a test-time learning method that trains a proposer to generate prompts, tools, and controls guiding scientific discovery agents.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Addresses prompt and tool optimization for discovery, not model quantization, distillation, or serving.
HarnessTTT: Learn to Optimize Harness at Test-Time for Scientific Discovery
The authors propose a test-time learning method that trains a proposer to generate prompts, tools, and controls guiding scientific discovery agents.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on test-time harness optimization for scientific discovery, not benchmark evaluation design.
Robustly Reliable Learning for Regression
The authors analyze robustly reliable learning for regression under data corruptions and propose an algorithm to compute optimal prediction intervals for Lipschitz predictors.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Theoretical study of regression prediction bounds, not LLM evaluation benchmarks.
Robustly Reliable Learning for Regression
The authors analyze robustly reliable learning for regression under data corruptions and propose an algorithm to compute optimal prediction intervals for Lipschitz predictors.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on adversarial regression bounds rather than small models or efficient inference.
Variable Input Masked Autoencoders for Wrist-Worn Accelerometry
The authors introduce a masked autoencoder that pretrains wearable sensor representations across varied recording durations and sampling rates using cross-resolution views.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Investigates wearable sensor encoders, not language model evaluation or benchmarks.
Variable Input Masked Autoencoders for Wrist-Worn Accelerometry
The authors introduce a masked autoencoder that pretrains wearable sensor representations across varied recording durations and sampling rates using cross-resolution views.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Proposes masked autoencoding for sensor signals, not small LLM architectures or compression.
Variable Input Masked Autoencoders for Wrist-Worn Accelerometry
The authors introduce a masked autoencoder that pretrains wearable sensor representations across varied recording durations and sampling rates using cross-resolution views.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on sensor pretraining techniques rather than deployment safety or guardrails.
Measure Neural Mappings
The authors define measure neural mappings and establish quantitative error bounds for self-attention transformers acting on probability measures in unbounded spaces.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on theoretical operator learning without addressing AI safety, robustness, or deployment guardrails.
Measure Neural Mappings
The authors define measure neural mappings and establish quantitative error bounds for self-attention transformers acting on probability measures in unbounded spaces.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Mathematical analysis of attention on probability measures, not LLM benchmark evaluation.
Measure Neural Mappings
The authors define measure neural mappings and establish quantitative error bounds for self-attention transformers acting on probability measures in unbounded spaces.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on theoretical bounds for attention over continuous measures, not model compression or efficiency.
A Method for Exact Enforcement of Boundary Conditions on General Curved Triangular Domains: Algorithm and Application to Scientific Machine Learning
The authors present a mathematical method to enforce Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions exactly on curved triangular domains for scientific machine learning.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Concerns mathematical PDE solvers rather than AI deployment safety, alignment, or monitoring.
A Method for Exact Enforcement of Boundary Conditions on General Curved Triangular Domains: Algorithm and Application to Scientific Machine Learning
The authors present a mathematical method to enforce Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions exactly on curved triangular domains for scientific machine learning.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on scientific machine learning on curved domains, not small models or efficient inference.
A Method for Exact Enforcement of Boundary Conditions on General Curved Triangular Domains: Algorithm and Application to Scientific Machine Learning
The authors present a mathematical method to enforce Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions exactly on curved triangular domains for scientific machine learning.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Addresses boundary value problems in numerical analysis, not LLM benchmarks.
JustOPD: On-Policy Distillation from Autoregressive to Diffusion Language Models
The authors introduce an on-policy distillation method to transfer knowledge from autoregressive language models into diffusion language models using autoregressive rollouts.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Introduces a knowledge distillation technique rather than a benchmark or evaluation method.
JustOPD: On-Policy Distillation from Autoregressive to Diffusion Language Models
The authors introduce an on-policy distillation method to transfer knowledge from autoregressive language models into diffusion language models using autoregressive rollouts.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Addresses model distillation mechanics rather than safety, hallucinations, or deployment guardrails.
Position: Beyond Training Time, Test-Time Coordination is Essential for Cooperative MARL
The authors argue that cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning systems require test-time coordination mechanisms rather than relying solely on training-time centralized information.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Addresses execution frameworks in multi-agent reinforcement learning, not small or efficient models.
Position: Beyond Training Time, Test-Time Coordination is Essential for Cooperative MARL
The authors argue that cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning systems require test-time coordination mechanisms rather than relying solely on training-time centralized information.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on MARL coordination strategies rather than AI safety, red-teaming, or model alignment.
Position: Beyond Training Time, Test-Time Coordination is Essential for Cooperative MARL
The authors argue that cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning systems require test-time coordination mechanisms rather than relying solely on training-time centralized information.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Proposes a coordination paradigm in reinforcement learning, not LLM evaluation methodologies.
When Sparsity Breaks Connectivity: Functional Reachability and Guided Topology Dynamics in Extreme Sparse Training
The authors develop a reachability-guided dynamic sparse training method that preserves functional pathways during extreme network pruning and regrowth.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Studies sparse training dynamics rather than LLM evaluation or benchmark design.
When Sparsity Breaks Connectivity: Functional Reachability and Guided Topology Dynamics in Extreme Sparse Training
The authors develop a reachability-guided dynamic sparse training method that preserves functional pathways during extreme network pruning and regrowth.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on extreme pruning and sparsity rather than deployment safety, hallucinations, or jailbreaks.
Monarch-Muon: Structure-Aware Muon for Fast and Memory-Efficient Pretraining
The authors propose an optimizer for Monarch-factored weights that replaces dense matrix orthogonalization with smaller block updates to reduce memory and pretraining time.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on optimization efficiency during pretraining rather than safety, alignment, or guardrails.
Monarch-Muon: Structure-Aware Muon for Fast and Memory-Efficient Pretraining
The authors propose an optimizer for Monarch-factored weights that replaces dense matrix orthogonalization with smaller block updates to reduce memory and pretraining time.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Presents an optimization algorithm rather than an LLM evaluation framework or benchmark.
Formal-Verification-Guided Bayesian Optimization for Non-Intrusive Last-Mile Coverage Closure
The authors present a verification workflow combining reachability analysis with Bayesian optimization to close residual test bins in chip design verification.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on hardware verification coverage closure rather than language model evaluation.
Formal-Verification-Guided Bayesian Optimization for Non-Intrusive Last-Mile Coverage Closure
The authors present a verification workflow combining reachability analysis with Bayesian optimization to close residual test bins in chip design verification.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Deals with semiconductor functional verification, not AI safety guardrails or reliability in deployment.
Formal-Verification-Guided Bayesian Optimization for Non-Intrusive Last-Mile Coverage Closure
The authors present a verification workflow combining reachability analysis with Bayesian optimization to close residual test bins in chip design verification.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Discusses Bayesian optimization for chip verification, not small language models or efficient inference.
On Sleep-Wake Disorder Identification from Polysomnographic Representations
The authors compare self-supervised and sleep-stage-supervised representations for identifying sleep-wake disorders across thousands of polysomnography recordings.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Examines medical representation learning, not model compression or efficient serving.
On Sleep-Wake Disorder Identification from Polysomnographic Representations
The authors compare self-supervised and sleep-stage-supervised representations for identifying sleep-wake disorders across thousands of polysomnography recordings.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on clinical diagnostic benchmarking rather than AI safety guardrails or LLM reliability.
On Sleep-Wake Disorder Identification from Polysomnographic Representations
The authors compare self-supervised and sleep-stage-supervised representations for identifying sleep-wake disorders across thousands of polysomnography recordings.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Evaluates sleep polysomnography models rather than LLM benchmarks or evaluation methods.
Effect of Spherical Parameter Space on Number of Non-Forgetting Tasks and Capacity of Continual Learning
The authors analyze continual learning on a spherical parameter space to determine how many tasks a model can learn without catastrophic forgetting.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Theoretical analysis of continual learning parameter spaces, not LLM evaluation methods.
Effect of Spherical Parameter Space on Number of Non-Forgetting Tasks and Capacity of Continual Learning
The authors analyze continual learning on a spherical parameter space to determine how many tasks a model can learn without catastrophic forgetting.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Theoretical paper on task non-forgetting without focus on deployment safety or alignment.
Effect of Spherical Parameter Space on Number of Non-Forgetting Tasks and Capacity of Continual Learning
The authors analyze continual learning on a spherical parameter space to determine how many tasks a model can learn without catastrophic forgetting.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Analyzes spherical parameter geometry in continual learning, not small models or efficient inference.
Selective Inference for Clustering Under Unknown Covariance
The authors introduce a selective hypothesis test for comparing cluster means under an unknown covariance matrix without inflating false-positive rates.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on classical statistical hypothesis testing rather than AI system safety and reliability.
Selective Inference for Clustering Under Unknown Covariance
The authors introduce a selective hypothesis test for comparing cluster means under an unknown covariance matrix without inflating false-positive rates.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Covers post-clustering statistical inference, not language model evaluation or benchmarks.
Selective Inference for Clustering Under Unknown Covariance
The authors introduce a selective hypothesis test for comparing cluster means under an unknown covariance matrix without inflating false-positive rates.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Concerns theoretical statistics for clustering, not efficient model inference or compression.
From Orbit Matching to Docking: A Hierarchical Reinforcement-Learning Approach to Multiphase Rendezvous Trajectory Design
The paper proposes a hierarchical reinforcement learning framework to automate multi-phase spacecraft rendezvous and docking trajectories.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Does not benchmark or evaluate language models.
From Orbit Matching to Docking: A Hierarchical Reinforcement-Learning Approach to Multiphase Rendezvous Trajectory Design
The paper proposes a hierarchical reinforcement learning framework to automate multi-phase spacecraft rendezvous and docking trajectories.
Preprint
Computer vision for industrial applications
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on spacecraft guidance trajectories, not industrial visual inspection or defect detection.
From Orbit Matching to Docking: A Hierarchical Reinforcement-Learning Approach to Multiphase Rendezvous Trajectory Design
The paper proposes a hierarchical reinforcement learning framework to automate multi-phase spacecraft rendezvous and docking trajectories.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Focuses on reinforcement learning for spacecraft docking, not small or efficient language models.
From Orbit Matching to Docking: A Hierarchical Reinforcement-Learning Approach to Multiphase Rendezvous Trajectory Design
The paper proposes a hierarchical reinforcement learning framework to automate multi-phase spacecraft rendezvous and docking trajectories.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 15 Oct, 06:18
Not relevant
Deals with spacecraft control dynamics rather than AI deployment safety or language model alignment.
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