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Every paper checked for brief #4 of 12–19 Oct 2026 — nothing is hidden. Brief papers first.

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Branching On-Policy Distillation
Introduces BranchOPD, which branches student rollouts from shared prefixes at uncertain decision points to improve on-policy distillation efficiency.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on an on-policy distillation training method rather than agent planning or multi-agent architectures.
Branching On-Policy Distillation
Introduces BranchOPD, which branches student rollouts from shared prefixes at uncertain decision points to improve on-policy distillation efficiency.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Optimizes distillation training efficiency without studying deployment safety, red-teaming, or guardrails.
Humanize MLE Agents: Multi-Agent Session Alternation Beyond Single-Agent Limits
Presents a framework alternating multi-agent sessions across context resets to overcome reasoning degradation in long-horizon machine learning engineering.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Proposes an execution framework for ML engineering agents rather than a standardized evaluation benchmark.
Humanize MLE Agents: Multi-Agent Session Alternation Beyond Single-Agent Limits
Presents a framework alternating multi-agent sessions across context resets to overcome reasoning degradation in long-horizon machine learning engineering.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Addresses context degradation and agent session management, not safety guardrails or deployment risk mitigation.
Beyond Temporal Proximity: Explanatory World Models for Credit Assignment in Reinforcement Learning
Presents Explanatory World Models, using language model causal explanations to redistribute reinforcement learning rewards across distant actions.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Addresses RL sample efficiency in recommenders rather than small language models or model compression.
Beyond Temporal Proximity: Explanatory World Models for Credit Assignment in Reinforcement Learning
Presents Explanatory World Models, using language model causal explanations to redistribute reinforcement learning rewards across distant actions.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on reinforcement learning credit assignment for recommender systems rather than LLM agent workflows.
Beyond Temporal Proximity: Explanatory World Models for Credit Assignment in Reinforcement Learning
Presents Explanatory World Models, using language model causal explanations to redistribute reinforcement learning rewards across distant actions.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on long-horizon RL optimization, not deployment safety, guardrails, or hallucination prevention.
Beyond Temporal Proximity: Explanatory World Models for Credit Assignment in Reinforcement Learning
Presents Explanatory World Models, using language model causal explanations to redistribute reinforcement learning rewards across distant actions.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Proposes an algorithmic credit assignment framework rather than benchmark analysis or evaluation methodology.
Beyond Temporal Proximity: Explanatory World Models for Credit Assignment in Reinforcement Learning
Presents Explanatory World Models, using language model causal explanations to redistribute reinforcement learning rewards across distant actions.
Preprint
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Applies language models to RL credit assignment in recommendations, not retrieval-augmented generation.
Retrieval-Augmented Multimodal Language Model with Heterogeneous Evidence Integration for Clinical Prognosis
Proposes PRISM, a multimodal clinical prognostic model combining patient records with retrieved population-level embedding memory banks.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Presents a diagnostic clinical model without addressing safety guardrails, jailbreaks, or hallucination mitigation.
Retrieval-Augmented Multimodal Language Model with Heterogeneous Evidence Integration for Clinical Prognosis
Proposes PRISM, a multimodal clinical prognostic model combining patient records with retrieved population-level embedding memory banks.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Introduces a predictive multimodal clinical model rather than an interactive multi-step planning agent.
Retrieval-Augmented Multimodal Language Model with Heterogeneous Evidence Integration for Clinical Prognosis
Proposes PRISM, a multimodal clinical prognostic model combining patient records with retrieved population-level embedding memory banks.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on medical multimodal integration rather than model compression, quantization, or serving efficiency.
Retrieval-Augmented Multimodal Language Model with Heterogeneous Evidence Integration for Clinical Prognosis
Proposes PRISM, a multimodal clinical prognostic model combining patient records with retrieved population-level embedding memory banks.
Preprint
LLMs for code
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Applies multimodal methods to clinical electronic health records, not to code generation or software engineering.
Retrieval-Augmented Multimodal Language Model with Heterogeneous Evidence Integration for Clinical Prognosis
Proposes PRISM, a multimodal clinical prognostic model combining patient records with retrieved population-level embedding memory banks.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Evaluates a clinical prognosis architecture on existing benchmarks rather than proposing general LLM benchmark methods.
RESCUE: Is This Alarm Worth Acting On? Counterfactual Evaluation of VLA Runtime Monitors
Presents RESCUE, a counterfactual simulation framework to evaluate whether runtime failure monitor alarms enable beneficial robot interventions.
Preprint
Computer vision for industrial applications
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on embodied robotic manipulation policy monitors rather than industrial inspection or manufacturing computer vision.
Causal Effect Identifiability in Causal Abstractions: A Strict Hierarchy of Criteria
Formalizes a theoretical hierarchy of identifiability criteria for estimating causal effects across equivalence classes of causal graphs.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Addresses theoretical causal identifiability mathematics rather than evaluating language models.
Causal Effect Identifiability in Causal Abstractions: A Strict Hierarchy of Criteria
Formalizes a theoretical hierarchy of identifiability criteria for estimating causal effects across equivalence classes of causal graphs.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on theoretical causality rather than LLM safety, guardrails, hallucination, or deployment risks.
Causal Effect Identifiability in Causal Abstractions: A Strict Hierarchy of Criteria
Formalizes a theoretical hierarchy of identifiability criteria for estimating causal effects across equivalence classes of causal graphs.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses purely on theoretical causal graph abstraction criteria without language model agents or planning.
Beyond Domain-Routed Supervision: Cross-Teacher Guarding for Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation
Proposes Road MOPD, using non-routed teachers as cross-domain critics to resolve gradient conflicts in multi-teacher on-policy distillation.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Proposes a model training method rather than introducing or analyzing LLM evaluation benchmarks.
Beyond Domain-Routed Supervision: Cross-Teacher Guarding for Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation
Proposes Road MOPD, using non-routed teachers as cross-domain critics to resolve gradient conflicts in multi-teacher on-policy distillation.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on multi-teacher knowledge distillation training algorithms rather than multi-step agent planning or tool use.
Beyond Domain-Routed Supervision: Cross-Teacher Guarding for Multi-Teacher On-Policy Distillation
Proposes Road MOPD, using non-routed teachers as cross-domain critics to resolve gradient conflicts in multi-teacher on-policy distillation.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Addresses optimization gradient conflicts in distillation, not safety, guardrails, jailbreaks, or deployment monitoring.
MAGMA-Bench: Evaluating Long-Horizon Embodied Agents under Dynamic Tasks and Execution Failures
Introduces MAGMA-Bench to evaluate long-horizon embodied agent reasoning during dynamic task execution failures and multi-robot coordination.
Preprint
Computer vision for industrial applications
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Evaluates embodied multi-robot planning, not computer vision systems for manufacturing or industrial inspection.
Defence against the dark arts of distillation: Unsupervised discovery of subliminal learning
Introduces an unsupervised method to identify and remove subliminally transferred traits from model parameter updates during knowledge distillation.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on discovering hidden traits in weights rather than general LLM benchmarking protocols.
Defence against the dark arts of distillation: Unsupervised discovery of subliminal learning
Introduces an unsupervised method to identify and remove subliminally transferred traits from model parameter updates during knowledge distillation.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Deals with parameter-space trait extraction during distillation rather than autonomous LLM agents.
Constructing Pareto Frontiers of Optimal Reasoning Termination Methods for Overthinking in Reasoning Models
Develops Step-wise Truncation Probing and termination strategies to quantify and mitigate accuracy degradation from overthinking in reasoning models.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Studies reasoning termination dynamics and token budgets rather than tool-using autonomous agents.
Constructing Pareto Frontiers of Optimal Reasoning Termination Methods for Overthinking in Reasoning Models
Develops Step-wise Truncation Probing and termination strategies to quantify and mitigate accuracy degradation from overthinking in reasoning models.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on overthinking token efficiency and accuracy trade-offs rather than deployment safety or guardrails.
MENTOR: Learning from Failure with On-Policy Pedagogical Intervention
Presents MENTOR, a multi-agent framework that intervenes adaptively during failed reasoning rollouts to prevent zero-reward collapse in RLVR.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Proposes a pedagogical intervention training method rather than an evaluation framework or benchmark.
MENTOR: Learning from Failure with On-Policy Pedagogical Intervention
Presents MENTOR, a multi-agent framework that intervenes adaptively during failed reasoning rollouts to prevent zero-reward collapse in RLVR.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on preventing zero-reward collapse during RL training rather than deployed safety guardrails.
AudioTETRIS: Token Elimination via Transitional Importance Signals for Efficient Audio LLMs
Proposes AudioTETRIS, a training-free token pruning framework that uses acoustic transition signals to compress audio representations efficiently.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Proposes token elimination in audio encoders rather than multi-step agent planning or tools.
AudioTETRIS: Token Elimination via Transitional Importance Signals for Efficient Audio LLMs
Proposes AudioTETRIS, a training-free token pruning framework that uses acoustic transition signals to compress audio representations efficiently.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Optimizes audio LLM inference efficiency rather than addressing safety, guardrails, or alignment.
AudioTETRIS: Token Elimination via Transitional Importance Signals for Efficient Audio LLMs
Proposes AudioTETRIS, a training-free token pruning framework that uses acoustic transition signals to compress audio representations efficiently.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Presents an efficient token compression method rather than benchmark design or LLM evaluation.
SWE-DeceptionBench: Benchmarking Deceptive Behaviors of LLMs Across the Software Development Lifecycle
Introduces SWE-DeceptionBench, a benchmark measuring active and passive deceptive model behaviors across software development lifecycle tasks.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Evaluates deceptive text outputs of LLMs rather than autonomous agent tool use or planning.
Humanize Olympiad Agents: A Multi-Session Workflow for Olympiad Problem Solving with Solve, Review, Wiki, Verify
Introduces HOA, a multi-session LLM agent framework coordinating review, wiki knowledge, and verification for complex Olympiad problem solving.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on mathematical problem solving performance rather than safety, alignment, or guardrails.
Humanize Olympiad Agents: A Multi-Session Workflow for Olympiad Problem Solving with Solve, Review, Wiki, Verify
Introduces HOA, a multi-session LLM agent framework coordinating review, wiki knowledge, and verification for complex Olympiad problem solving.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Proposes an agent workflow rather than introducing or critiquing evaluation benchmarks.
Model-agnostic Knowledge Augmented Machine Learning for Weakly Annotated Bioimaging Data
Proposes a model-agnostic method to integrate biological domain knowledge into machine learning models trained on weakly annotated bioimaging.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Applies machine learning to bioimaging analysis rather than language model agents or tool execution.
Model-agnostic Knowledge Augmented Machine Learning for Weakly Annotated Bioimaging Data
Proposes a model-agnostic method to integrate biological domain knowledge into machine learning models trained on weakly annotated bioimaging.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Introduces a domain-knowledge augmentation technique for bioimaging rather than an LLM benchmark.
Model-agnostic Knowledge Augmented Machine Learning for Weakly Annotated Bioimaging Data
Proposes a model-agnostic method to integrate biological domain knowledge into machine learning models trained on weakly annotated bioimaging.
Preprint
Multimodal models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on specialized biological imaging classification rather than multimodal vision-language models.
Model-agnostic Knowledge Augmented Machine Learning for Weakly Annotated Bioimaging Data
Proposes a model-agnostic method to integrate biological domain knowledge into machine learning models trained on weakly annotated bioimaging.
Preprint
Computer vision for industrial applications
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on biomedical microscopy and cytomorphology rather than industrial inspection or manufacturing.
Model-agnostic Knowledge Augmented Machine Learning for Weakly Annotated Bioimaging Data
Proposes a model-agnostic method to integrate biological domain knowledge into machine learning models trained on weakly annotated bioimaging.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Addresses biomedical image classification rather than deployed AI safety guardrails or red-teaming.
Learning Size Independent Constraint Models from Input Data and Positive and Negative Example Solutions
Presents a constraint acquisition tool that synthesizes size-independent constraint programs from input data and example solutions.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Deals with inductive logic and constraint programming rather than deployed AI safety or reliability.
Learning Size Independent Constraint Models from Input Data and Positive and Negative Example Solutions
Presents a constraint acquisition tool that synthesizes size-independent constraint programs from input data and example solutions.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Presents a constraint acquisition tool rather than an LLM evaluation suite or benchmark.
Learning Size Independent Constraint Models from Input Data and Positive and Negative Example Solutions
Presents a constraint acquisition tool that synthesizes size-independent constraint programs from input data and example solutions.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on constraint programming acquisition from examples, not language model planning or agents.
SelectArena: A Modern Benchmark for Feature Selection on Real-world Tabular Data
Introduces SelectArena, a benchmark designed to evaluate tabular feature selection methods across real-world domain datasets and contemporary models.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on tabular feature selection accuracy rather than AI safety, red-teaming, or guardrails.
SelectArena: A Modern Benchmark for Feature Selection on Real-world Tabular Data
Introduces SelectArena, a benchmark designed to evaluate tabular feature selection methods across real-world domain datasets and contemporary models.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Covers feature selection for tabular data rather than small language models or LLM compression.
SelectArena: A Modern Benchmark for Feature Selection on Real-world Tabular Data
Introduces SelectArena, a benchmark designed to evaluate tabular feature selection methods across real-world domain datasets and contemporary models.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Presents a benchmark for tabular feature selection, not language model agents or tool usage.
SelectArena: A Modern Benchmark for Feature Selection on Real-world Tabular Data
Introduces SelectArena, a benchmark designed to evaluate tabular feature selection methods across real-world domain datasets and contemporary models.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Benchmarks classical and tabular models on tabular datasets, not LLM capabilities or evaluation methodology.
Pretraining and Test-Time Training Budgets Matter for ARC: A Controlled Study of VARC and TRM
Evaluates how pretraining and test-time training computational budgets affect ARC benchmark performance across two distinct reasoning model architectures.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Investigates neural networks on ARC grids rather than multi-step tool-using LLM agent systems.
Pretraining and Test-Time Training Budgets Matter for ARC: A Controlled Study of VARC and TRM
Evaluates how pretraining and test-time training computational budgets affect ARC benchmark performance across two distinct reasoning model architectures.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Analyzes performance scaling on abstract reasoning tasks without addressing AI safety or deployment risks.
Pretraining and Test-Time Training Budgets Matter for ARC: A Controlled Study of VARC and TRM
Evaluates how pretraining and test-time training computational budgets affect ARC benchmark performance across two distinct reasoning model architectures.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Studies training and test-time budget effects on ARC rather than model compression or quantization.
A Multi-Agent LLM System for Automated Tuning of Specialized Neural Network Models
Presents a multi-agent LLM framework that automatically tunes specific internal algorithm components while preserving overall neural network structures.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on automated hyperparameter and architecture coding rather than safety guardrails or alignment.
A Multi-Agent LLM System for Automated Tuning of Specialized Neural Network Models
Presents a multi-agent LLM framework that automatically tunes specific internal algorithm components while preserving overall neural network structures.
Preprint
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Does not involve external document retrieval, dense indexing, or retrieval-augmented generation systems.
A Multi-Agent LLM System for Automated Tuning of Specialized Neural Network Models
Presents a multi-agent LLM framework that automatically tunes specific internal algorithm components while preserving overall neural network structures.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Does not focus on model compression, quantization, distillation, or small language models.
A Multi-Agent LLM System for Automated Tuning of Specialized Neural Network Models
Presents a multi-agent LLM framework that automatically tunes specific internal algorithm components while preserving overall neural network structures.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on an automated model-tuning framework rather than LLM evaluation or benchmark design.
A Multi-Agent LLM System for Automated Tuning of Specialized Neural Network Models
Presents a multi-agent LLM framework that automatically tunes specific internal algorithm components while preserving overall neural network structures.
Preprint
Multimodal models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Deals with code and numeric modeling tasks without multimodal image, video, or audio integration.
A Step Harder, Not a Step Too Far: The Benefits and Limits of Curriculum Difficulty Progression in GRPO
Proposes a dynamic curriculum for GRPO that re-estimates sample difficulty to progressively transition policy training toward harder problems.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Explores training curriculum progression rather than benchmarks, saturation, or evaluation protocols.
A Step Harder, Not a Step Too Far: The Benefits and Limits of Curriculum Difficulty Progression in GRPO
Proposes a dynamic curriculum for GRPO that re-estimates sample difficulty to progressively transition policy training toward harder problems.
Preprint
AI agents
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Investigates reinforcement learning curriculum design rather than LLM agents, planning, or tool use.
A Step Harder, Not a Step Too Far: The Benefits and Limits of Curriculum Difficulty Progression in GRPO
Proposes a dynamic curriculum for GRPO that re-estimates sample difficulty to progressively transition policy training toward harder problems.
Preprint
AI safety and reliability in deployment
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Studies curriculum progression for GRPO optimization rather than safety guardrails, jailbreaks, or monitoring.
Inject a Turn, Not a Token: Learning Where to Redirect LLM Reasoning for Self-Correction
Introduces UPTURN, a framework that trains a small classifier to inject redirection prompts as new user turns during reasoning failures.
Preprint
Multimodal models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Operates entirely on text-based reasoning tasks without multimodal inputs or outputs.
Inject a Turn, Not a Token: Learning Where to Redirect LLM Reasoning for Self-Correction
Introduces UPTURN, a framework that trains a small classifier to inject redirection prompts as new user turns during reasoning failures.
Preprint
Small and efficient models
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Focuses on reasoning accuracy via prompt injection rather than model compression or efficient serving.
Inject a Turn, Not a Token: Learning Where to Redirect LLM Reasoning for Self-Correction
Introduces UPTURN, a framework that trains a small classifier to inject redirection prompts as new user turns during reasoning failures.
Preprint
LLM evaluation and benchmarks
via arxiv · 12 Oct, 16:28
Not relevant
Proposes a self-correction inference technique rather than novel benchmarks or evaluation methodologies.
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